Transportation departments face the looming challenge of ever-increasing invasive, annual grasses on roadsides and rights-of-ways. Exotic annual grasses such as Downy brome (cheatgrass, Bromus tectorum L.) and medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae[L.] Nevski) easily disperse seed and readily establish in disturbed areas, such as where road construction or improvements have disturbed vegetation cover and soil. Their persistence along roadsides increases overall costs of roadside management and leads to poor establishment of desirable seeded plant species. Studies have shown, naturally occurring soil bacteria can be used to reduce the competitiveness of weeds. This project analyses field data, organizes results, determines the effectiveness of soil bacteria for reducing exotic annual grasses, and develops long-term management goals and plans.